Citation Guide

The CHICAGO MANUAL offers an international citation guide. Detailed instructions are provided by the Purdue Univeristy: Purdue OWL (Online Writing Lab). Choose the Chicago Manual and learn how to use footnotes (N) and how to compile a bibliography (B).

How to quote books…

Footnote (N):

Firstname Lastname, Title of Book (Place of publication: Publisher, Year of publication), page number.

Corresponding bibliographical entry (B):

Lastname, Firstname. Title of Book. Place of publication: Publisher, Year of publication.

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Do you need more info on how to quote books by one author, books by multiple authors, books with editor and author or anonymous books? Would you like to refer to a specific chapter, an introduction, preface or afterword?

→ Purdue OWL: Books 

How to quote articles in periodicals…

Do you want to quote from periodicals (including printed journals, electronic journals, magazines, and newspapers)?

→ Purdue OWL: Periodicals 

How to quote web sources…

Have you found a reliable source on the Internet (including websites, blogs, social media or podcasts)?
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Please don’t forget to give the retrieval date in square brackets, because websources may change any time!
Keep in mind that Wikipedia is a wiki, not a source to be cited in academic contexts!
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How to quote multimedia…
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Would you like to cite film, television, and other audiovisual materials?
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How to quote interviews and personal communication…
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Do you need to cite oral sources in your essay?
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